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In vitro antifungal activity of Datura discolor aqueous extracts obtained by High Pressure Processing

By Diana Angelina Urias Lugo, Octavio Ernesto Martínez Ereva, Cecilia de Los Ángeles Romero Urías, Carlos Ramiro Ibarra Sarmiento, Sylvia Adriana Estrada Díaz, Rubén Félix Gastélum, Karla Yeriana Leyva Madrigal, Guadalupe Arlene Mora Romero*

* Corresponding Author. Email: arlene.mora@uadeo.mx / Institution: Universidad Autónoma de Occidente

Accepted: 24/October/2024 – Published: 22/September/2024 – DOI: https://doi.org/10.18781/R.MEX.FIT.2024-01

Abstract Background/Objective. The present work reports the in vitro effect of aqueous extracts (2, 4 and 6% w/v) of root, seed and leaf of Datura discolor obtained in two times (3 and 6 minutes) at High Pressure Processing, against Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

Materials and Methods. Extracts of roots, seeds and leaves of D. discolor were prepared in a 1:10 w/v ratio with distilled water. Two continuous treatments of high pressure (600 MPa) with pressure maintained for 3 min and another with pressure (600 MPa) maintained for 6 min were considered. The extracts were evaluated against S. rolfsii, S. sclerotiorum and C. gloeosporioides. The experiments were performed in Petri dishes with PDA medium. The efficiency of the extracts was evaluated by obtaining the percentage of inhibition.

Results. The results show variable percentages of inhibition of the extracts in the different anatomical parts of the plant and concentrations; The leaf extracts at 6%, regardless of the extraction time, show effectiveness against the three pathogens, with inhibition of 99 and 100%, 55 and 56%, and 43 and 36% for S. rolfsii, S. sclerotiorum and C. gloeosporioides at 3 and 6 minutes respectively.

Conclusion. The effectiveness of leaf extract at 6%, six months after its preparation, is similar to the observed with fresh extracts. These results pave the way for future research focused on the sustainable management of phytopathogens. Studies on the biological effectiveness of the extracts in the greenhouse and field are suggested.

Keywords: biological control, fungi, phytopathogen, antifungal activity.


Figure 1. Effect of Datura discolor aqueous leaf extract obtained High Pressure Processing for 6 minutes. A-D Sclerotium rolfsii, E-H Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, I-L Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. Chemical control = tebuconazole or carbendazim 1 ppm).

Table 1. In vitro inhibition of the mycelial growth of Sclerotium rolfsii, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides. The treatments shown are with aqueous extracts of 2, 4 and 6% Datura discolor root, seed and leaf, obtained by High Pressure Processing in two times 3 and 6